Spine Conditions

The anatomy of the spine

The human spine, also known as the vertebral column or spinal column, is a complex structure that provides both support and mobility for the body. It serves as the main structural support, allowing us to stand upright, bend, and twist. The spine is composed of 33 individual bones stacked one on top of the other called vertebrae. These are classified into five regions: the cervical (7 vertebrae), thoracic (12 vertebrae), lumbar (5 vertebrae), sacral (5 fused vertebrae), and coccygeal (4 fused vertebrae) regions.

Between each vertebra are intervertebral discs, which are made of a gel-like substance surrounded by a tough outer layer. These discs act as shock absorbers and allow for flexibility in the spine. Ligaments and muscles are attached to the vertebrae, providing stability and movement. The spinal cord, a part of the central nervous system, runs through the central canal of the vertebrae, transmitting information between the brain and the rest of the body. The spinal nerves exit the spinal cord between the vertebrae, connecting the central nervous system to organs, muscles, and other tissues. Any disruption to the structure or function of the spine can lead to various conditions and disorders, impacting a person’s mobility and overall well-being.

Schedule a consultation

If you or a loved has neck or back pain, contact San Ramon spine surgeon Dr. Hieu Ball who can assess your situation, provide an accurate diagnosis and guide you on the most suitable treatment options.

Dr. Ball offers state-of-the-art patient-centered care for patients with neck, mid-back, and low-back problems. He received his orthopedic and spine surgery residency and fellowship training at Harvard Medical School and UCLA-affiliated institutions. Education included training at Massachusetts General Hospital, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, and Boston Children’s Hospital. Dr. Ball is a double fellowship-trained orthopedic spine surgeon. He received a pediatric spine fellowship at Boston Children’s Hospital and a second adult spine fellowship at UCLA. Dr. Ball offers minimally invasive spine care, and many procedures often may be performed on an outpatient basis in an ambulatory surgical center setting.